February is National Cancer Prevention Month in the United States. This month helps to promote awareness and education regarding all types of cancer. With over 1 in 3 people suffering from cancer at some point in their lives in the United States, this is an important time to help learn about prevention and risk factors. Oral cancer affects about 54,000 Americans every year, with almost 11,000 of those resulting in death.
Oral cancer is officially defined as a growth that occurs in the mouth caused due to uncontrolled cell division. In some cases, this may or may not include portions of the head and neck region as well. While the exact reason oral cancer develops is not completely understood, there are some factors that may contribute to developing oral cancer more than others. These risk factors may include:
· Smoking tobacco products, including cigarettes, pipes, and vape
· Smokeless tobacco products, including chew, dip, and snuff
· HPV infections
· Alcohol consumption
· Genetics, such as a history in one’s family
· Sun damage
· Autoimmune disorders
· Lips
· Gums
· Tongue
· Inner lining of the cheeks
· Roof of the mouth also known as the palate
· Floor of the mouth (beneath the tongue)
· Throat
· Tonsils
The most common location oral cancer is found is the lateral border (side of) the tongue and tonsils. While you can evaluate and check for lesions yourself its important you receive oral cancer screening with your dentist or dental hygienist. Catching lesions early is the best chance in treating the disease successfully.
If you have any persistent signs and symptoms that bother you and last more than two weeks or are unsure of a new lesion you have noticed in your mouth, you should make an appointment with your dentist to ensure a proper diagnosis.